Flow analysis maps the movement of people, information, materials, or data through a system to reveal bottlenecks, redundancies, and failure points. In UX and service design, it is applied both to digital user flows, the sequence of screens and decisions a user traverses to complete a goal, and to operational flows, how requests, tasks, and handoffs move through an organisation. Understanding flow before designing a solution consistently prevents the creation of well-designed interfaces sitting atop broken underlying processes.